Steam boiler



Nov. 10, 1931. l A. 1 .wlLsoN STEAM BOILER Filed Feb, 24, 192e Patented Nov. 10, 1931 FFICE AMYUIT L. WILSON',.OF` ELEZABETX., NEW' JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T0 STANDARD OIL 13E-02 VELOPMENT COMPANY, A. CORPORATION OF DELA'WARE STEAM BovILnn.

Application filed Februaiy 24, 1926. Serial No. 90,242.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction of steam boilers of the watertube type. The invention will be fully understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a boiler in,- stallation in accordance with the invention; and

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the device of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a furnace setting of any suit-- able type, which may be heated for example l by a lire maintained on grate 2. As in prior boiler constructions, the first two tubular heating units are arranged in an inclined position in the p-ath of the hot gases from the grate2orothcr heating means. Each of these units comprises respectively a lower drum 3,

3 and an upper drum 4, 4, the lower and upper drums being connected by tubes 5. The individual drums of each pair of drums 3, 3', 4, 4 are connected by nipples 6.` A boiler comprising three complete sets of units is shown by way of illustration (see Fig. 2), but any desired number of sets may be used. Since all the sets are alike, description of one will suffice.

A steam drum 7 having a steam outlet pipe 8 is arranged in the upper portion of the fur nace setting l and is in communication with the upper drums 4, 4 through pipes 9 and 10. Three other tubular heaters are shown arranged in the rear portion of the furnace setting. These heaters comprise respectively upper drums 1l, 12, and 13 and lower drums 14, 15 and 16. Tubes 17 connect the upper and lower drums of each heater. A pipe 18 for supplying feed water to the boiler opens into the lower drum 16. A pipe 19 connects the upper drum 13 with the upper drum 12. The gas or vapor that may tend to accumulate in the upper portion of drum 13 passes olf with the water through pipe 19. In this way gas-binding is prevented. A nipple 2O connects the lower drum 15 with the lower drum 14. The steam drum 7 is in communication with the upper drum 11 through pipes 21. Connections 19 and 19, normally above the 'di water level in this form of the invention, serve to vent gas into the steam drum.

The furnace setting is provided with a vertical baffle plate 22 between the intermediate pair of tubular heaters 17 and with a vertical @515 .baiile i Yall 22 between the intermediate heate ter circulation is caused to take place primarily in the tubular heaters 5, or steaming section of the boiler. I have found that by far the greater potrion of the heat transfer to the water is accomplished in the steaming section. In this section practically all the vaporization of the water takes place. The heat required for vaporization is approximately ten times that required for bringing the water upto-the steaming temperature, and the Lrelative importance of the steaming section with reference to heat input will' therefore be apparent. By circulating the .water positively and continuously through separate banks of tubes the steaming section only, as shown by the arrows in Fig. 1, a very cflicient utilization of the heat of the 5 combustion gases is obtained. Tn this connection I utilize the principle that the most effective heat transfer is obtained when the temperature differential between the hot gases and .the water is greatest, as will be E90 more fully referred to later.

l have found that by proceeding in this .way the boiler efficiency is much higher than when the circulation of the water is mains tained up 'through the tubular steaming section 5 and down through heaters 17 and so on continuously, as in prior practice. According to this invention, all three of the heaters 17 are merely a heat' exchange or economizer sectionadapted to raise the temperature of-^l00 lil the water as much as possible before it enters the primary circulating system comprising steaming section 5 and the steam drum 7. The water introduced through pipe 18 flows upwardly through the first heater 17, downwardly through the second heater 17, upwardly through the third heaterV 17 and into the steam drum 7. From this drum it passes into the steaming section 5. the water and steam or gas produced from the water is indicated throughout by short arrows, and the flow of combustion gases by long arrows.

In order to obtain the advantages of highV temperature differential between the gases and the water to be heated, in all cases I introduce the feed water in countercurrent flow to the gases. The water is then circulated continuously through the tubular steamingsection 5 and steam drum 7, as described above. There is accordingly a high temperature differential between the hot gases and the water in the economizer section, since the latter is not heated by circulating water from the steaming section proper, as has beencustomarYT in prior practice. rI`lie feed water at approximately its boiling point is brought into the steaming section of the boiler, and the introduction of water at relatively low temperature into this section is avoided. A much higher boiler efficiency is attained in this way. More work per unit of heating area is obtained, or a smaller installation will suflice to produce a given amount of horsepower, when the improvements described herein are adopted.

I claim:

l. In a steam generator, a furnace setting having a chamber through which hot gases are adapted to flow from a source of combustion, a steam and water container, an economizer in the chamber connected to said container and through which feed water can be passed to the container, a steaming section in the chamber intermediate the source of combustion and economizer, the section comprising units inclined tothe horizontal adapted to contain fluid and having fluid communication at their upper and lower portions respectively, the units being disposed in succession in the path of the gases, the container having fluid communication with the upper portion only of one only of th-e units.

2. In a steam generator, a furnace setting having a chamber through which hot gases are adapted to flow from a source of combustion, a steam and water container, an econoinizer in the chamber connected to said container and through which feed water can be passed to the container, a steaming section in the chamber intermediate the source of combustion and economizer, the major portion of the steaming section being exposed to the radiant heat from the source of combustion, the section comprising units inclined The flow of Y to the horizontal adapted to contain fluid and having fluid communication at the upper and lower portions respectively, the units being disposed in succession in the path of the gases, the container having fluid communication with the upper portion only of one only of the units.

3. In a steam generator, a furnace setting having a chamber through which hot gases are adapted to flow from a source of combustion, a steam and water container, an economizer in the chamber connected to said container and through which feed Water can be passed to the container, a steaming section in the chamber intermediate the source of tombustion and economizer, the section comprising units inclined to the horizontal adapted to contain fluid and having fluid communication at the upper and lower portions respectively, the units being disposed in succession in the path of the gases, the container having Huid communication with the upper portion only of the unit which is farthest from the source of combustion.

AMYUIT L. VILSON.

lilo' 

